Pressure Decay Leak Test
The pressure decay method has gained significant popularity in leak testing within the manufacturing sector, particularly for sealed components equipped with an access port. This procedure involves connecting the product to a leak tester and introducing air into it. Once the part is pressurized, the air supply is closed off, allowing the pressure to stabilize. A drop in air pressure over a predetermined period indicates the existence of a leak. If the pressure remains above a preset threshold, the part is deemed acceptable. The effectiveness of this test hinges on the size of the component and the duration of the test. Larger components typically require a longer testing cycle to accurately detect even minor leaks, while smaller components with reduced internal volumes can undergo quicker tests, facilitating higher production rates.
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How is a Pressure Decay Test performed?
To initiate a Pressure Decay leak test, the test part (TP) is connected to the test port, and the tester pressurizes the component to the specified level as determined by the pressure regulator (R1) during the filling phase. Valves (V1 and V2) are opened to facilitate this process.
Once the filling phase is complete, the pressure within the part is sealed off by closing valve (V2). After a brief pause, valve (V1) is also shut, allowing the line between valves (V1) and (V2) to vent to the atmosphere. This venting is crucial; any leakage detected through valve (V2) will trigger a failure of the test. This configuration adds an essential fail-safe mechanism.
The pressure retained during the stabilization phase is then measured using the pressure sensor (PS) during the testing phase.
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Should the component surpass the designated leak tolerance, which is indicated by a pressure drop over time or a specified leak rate, the display on the tester will alert the operator to the failure, presenting the pressure loss or leak rate in user-defined measurement units.
After completing the test phase, the trapped pressure in the part is released to the atmosphere through valve (V1) by opening valve (V2) during the venting phase, thus preparing the tester for subsequent tests.
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