Amphibious Excavator – History and Past Development

What is an Amphibious Excavator?

Amphibious Excavator is a type of excavator that can move and operate in places where the standard crawler excavator is unable to do. This unique machine operates seamlessly on both water and on land in keeping with its name – “Amphibious” means both land and water.

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Amphibious Excavators specialize in moving and operating where the ground is not solid, in soft terrain and wet environments such as bayous, marsh lands, rivers and swamps while floating in a body of water.

As excavators trekking in soft terrain and wet environments are required to have very low ground pressure, the Amphibious Excavator uses pontoon style undercarriage system to achieve an extremely low ground pressure compare to a standard crawler excavator, which is pretty much restricted to operating on hard surfaces. The pontoon style undercarriage which is based on Archimedes principle is also designed to float in water as a safety feature.

Variations of the Amphibious Excavator

The Amphibious Excavator is also known by many names around the world – floating excavator, floating dredger, amphibious dredger, marsh excavator, marsh buggy, swamp excavator, and the like and come in many shapes, sizes and attachments.

Amphibious Excavator is versatile in the sense that the upper body is able to install with either a standard reach boom or long reach boom, coupled with various front attachments for example, bucket, clamshell, rake, grapple, and even a dredge pump.

Amphibious Excavator with Spud Systems

As Amphibious Excavator has proven its effectiveness in working on soft, swampy and wet environments and over shallow waters, there is a need to improve its buoyancy and flotation abilities over deeper waters and to operate in areas where the traditional spud barges cannot access unless there is a deeper water. In comparison, an Amphibious Excavator can be easily assemble and disassemble for transportation from one place to another with ease. And to work on deeper waters effectively, spuds can be used for additional flotation and stabilization to counter the movements of the machine whilst floating.

The concept of using spud systems is well known in the dredging equipment industry. Early dredging equipment have utilized spuds since the s. It was well established in s with many publications explaining the usage of spuds and spud systems, one of which is from the US Army Corps of Engineers New Orleans District dated March – the article can be read here and the US Army Corps of Engineers Dredging Technical Report HL-83-4 dated March “The Survey of Portable Hydraulic Dredges” – the article can be read here.

Due to the wide and ubiquitous usage of spuds and spud systems in the dredging industry, early Amphibious Excavator manufacturers adopted spuds and spud systems to stabilize their machines in deeper waters. It is well known that the effectiveness of an Amphibious Excavator with spuds will depend on the length of the spuds used for anchoring into the water/river bed.

Here is Bulldozer China Supplier talking about Use of amphibious excavators.

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The amphibious excavator is a multi-purpose excavator for land, marsh soft ground, and shallow water operations. It is mainly used in coastal areas and areas where there is much silt in lakes. Land and water excavators are rare in China and employ fewer people. Mainly some companies have converted dryland excavators. Because there are fewer drivers for land and water excavators, wages are also considerable compared to dryland excavator drivers.

The landing device of the amphibious excavator adopts a catamaran pontoon structure crawler frame and a sealed box-shaped track shoe to ensure safe navigation on the water. Due to the pontoon height limitation of the amphibious excavator, it can be constructed at a depth of not more than two meters. If the water is too deep, the amphibious excavator will float on the surface of the water and the bucket will not work.

The difference between land and water excavators and dryland excavators:

Generally speaking, the amphibious excavator relies on its special walking device to work in coastal areas, lakes, and muddy marshes and can float on the water. The main scope of work includes opening channels underwater, clearing river courses, and dredging fish ponds. The water excavation is the same as the dry excavator except for the large chain and the hollow iron shell. However, on land, land and water excavators are difficult to walk, and most of them rely on buckets to assist.

The amphibious excavator uses reinforced extra long working devices and special structural pin connectors, as well as a slewing mechanism to improve work quality and productivity. The beautiful appearance, spacious and fully equipped cab and concise sound and light alarm system reduce fatigue during long hours and improve handling comfort. The perfect combination of the advanced hydraulic system and the engine enables compound action and ensures reliable operation and high economics.

Choose amphibious excavator:

If you are working at the seaside or in the salt lake, the water, and land excavator must choose the enhanced type. It is ok to work in a shallow water area. The reinforced ship plate thickness is 4mm thicker than the 2mm lining plate, so the overall strength is much larger. The reinforced type of multi-purpose Lincoln Panasonic welding wire, the ordinary type can only use the cheap welding wire produced by the ordinary small factory because of the price cost factor.

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