PART 3: Different Methods of Sorting & Preparing Waste - Inciner8

Trommel Screening

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A trommel screen, also known as a rotary screen, is a mechanical screening machine used to separate materials, mostly solid-waste processing industries. It consists of a perforated cylindrical drum that is normally elevated at an angle at the feed end. For an inclined drum, objects are being lifted and then dropped with the help of lifter bars to move it further down the drum; otherwise, the objects roll down slower. Furthermore, the lifter bars shake the objects to segregate them. Lifter bars will not be considered in the presence of heavy objects as they may break the screen.

Physical size separation is achieved as the feed material spirals down the rotating drum, where the undersized material smaller than the screen apertures passes through the screen, while the oversized material exits at the other end of the drum. In municipal solid waste industry, trommel screens classify sizes of solid waste. By removing inorganic materials such as moisture and ash from the air-classified light fraction segregated from shredded solid waste, trommel screening improves the fuel- derived solid waste.

Drying

Drying process reduces the moisture content of waste and prevents the leachate production- which could seep into the water if the waste were disposed of in land fill or stored in an open area over long periods of time.

Dried materials tend to be inactive biologically and are easier to store. This results in a homogeneous refuse-derived fuel (RDF). Any partially decayed waste should be dried either under the sun, by hot air, or by a combination of both if applicable.

Although the option to air dry in the UK is very limited for customer/ clients, for those who operate in different parts of the world, this could be considered as part of the initial feasibility study.

This important step in the process differs in each facility depending on the investment or land availability. Solar drying is not possible during rainy seasons and most facilities run at a fraction of their capacity during the rainy season, sending most of the waste to landfills. Mechanical drying, on the other hand, requires significant amounts of energy that could easily render RDF plants unprofitable without huge government subsidies.

Ferrous Metal Separation (Magnetic Separation)

Electro-magnets are used in this step so they can be switched on or off to allow removal of collected metals. However, not all metals can be removed by magnets. Non-ferrous metals do not have iron and do not respond to the magnetic field.

Stainless steel, copper, and aluminium, for example, are only weakly magnetic or are not magnetic at all. A further limitation of this technique is that small magnetic item will not be picked up if they are buried in non-magnetic materials and larger magnetic items can drag unwanted items like paper, plastic, and food waste along with them.

Non-ferrous Metal Separation (Eddy Current Separator)

The image demonstrates a separation of non-ferrous metals from inert materials in an eddy current separator. Eddy current separators, or non-ferrous separators, use the current induced in little swirls (€œeddies€) on a large conductor and separate non-magnetic metals.

An eddy current is a swirling current set up in a conductor in response to a changing magnetic field. If a large conductive metal plate is moved through a magnetic field which intersects perpendicularly to the sheet, the magnetic field will induce small €œrings€ of current which will actually create internal magnetic fields opposing the change.

Eddy current separators handle high capacities because the conveyor belt separates and carries away non-ferrous metals continuously and fully automatically. An important factor for good separation is an even flow of material, supplied by a vibrating feeder or conveyor belt, for example, to provide a uniform mono-layer of materials across the belt. It is especially important with smaller fraction sizes.

This blog is part 3 of a 6 part series on “Everything You Need to Know About Incineration”, brought to you by our expert technical team at INCINER8.

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Waste sorting is an essential practice that plays a significant role in reducing the environmental impact of household waste. In Muscat, a coastal city with unique geographical conditions, waste sorting is especially important due to the challenges posed by its climate and growing population. In this Guide to Waste Sorting: Easy and Simple Steps, we’ll explore why waste segregation at home is crucial and how families can easily contribute to a cleaner, more sustainable future.

Waste sorting is an essential practice that plays a significant role in reducing the environmental impact of household waste. In Muscat, a coastal city with unique geographical conditions, waste sorting is especially important due to the challenges posed by its climate and growing population. In this Guide to Waste Sorting: Easy and Simple Steps, we’ll explore why waste segregation at home is crucial and how families can easily contribute to a cleaner, more sustainable future.

This, in turn, is vital for preserving Muscat’s delicate coastal ecosystems.

While many assume that waste sorting is the sole responsibility of waste operators, the truth is, our individual contribution is essential. Sorting waste at home is a crucial step that everyone can take to ensure that more waste is recycled and less ends up in the landfill or harming the environment.

Waste sorting is crucial because it increases the amount of waste that is recycled. As a result, it reduces landfill overflow and minimizes harmful environmental impact. On the contrary, mixed waste that is improperly disposed of in the environment can pose serious threats.

For example, hazardous substances may seep into the soil, while simultaneously, harmful gases could be released into the air. Consequently, this contributes to the depletion of the ozone layer. Moreover, many other unwanted negative effects can follow.

By sorting waste at home, we can each do our part in fostering a cleaner, greener future for Muscat and beyond.

Climate and Population Considerations
Muscat’s hot desert climate and growing population put a strain on waste management systems. Sorting waste at home reduces the burden on local landfills and ensures that materials are recycled properly. Given the proximity of Muscat to the coast, sorting waste also helps preserve marine life by preventing waste from entering the ocean.

Benefits for the Local Community
When families adopt waste segregation, they are not only contributing to a cleaner environment but also supporting local businesses that rely on recycled materials. This encourages a circular economy, where waste is continuously reused to create new products.

Encouraging Recycling and Reuse
Sorting waste at home opens the door to an effective recycling system. Recycled materials can be reused to create products like recycled plastic bottles, paper, and even construction materials. By recycling more, Oman can reduce its dependency on new raw materials, leading to reduced environmental impact.

Contaminated Recycling Bins
Avoid throwing food waste or dirty packaging into the recycling bin, as contamination can spoil entire loads of recyclables.

Ignoring Local Waste Regulations
It’s important to stay informed about local recycling programs and regulations. Some materials may require special disposal methods, such as electronics or chemicals.

Overloading Bins
Overstuffing your waste bins can make sorting difficult. It’s better to keep the bins manageable and organized, especially for recyclables that may need to be rinsed before disposal.

Sorting waste at home is an easy and impactful way for families to contribute to a cleaner and more sustainable environment in Muscat. By following simple steps, such as setting up separate bins and educating family members, you can reduce waste, promote recycling, and support the circular economy. Let’s work together for a greener Oman!

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